Bridges on Proverbs 8:22-31
 
 
Charles Bridges on Proverbs 8:22-31
 
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22.  ¶ The LORD possessed me in the beginning of his way, before his works of old. 23.  I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was. 24.  When there were no depths, I was brought forth; when there were no fountains abounding with water. 25.  Before the mountains were settled, before the hills was I brought forth: 26.  While as yet he had not made the earth, nor the fields, nor the highest part of the dust of the world. {fields: or, open places} {the highest...: or, the chief part} 27.  When he prepared the heavens, I was there: when he set a compass upon the face of the depth: {a compass: or, a circle} 28.  When he established the clouds above: when he strengthened the fountains of the deep: 29.  When he gave to the sea his decree, that the waters should not pass his commandment: when he appointed the foundations of the earth: 30.  Then I was by him, as one brought up with him: and I was daily his delight, rejoicing always before him; 31.  Rejoicing in the habitable part of his earth; and my delights were with the sons of men.
 
It must be a perverted imagination that can suppose an attribute here. So glorious are the rays of eternal supreme Deity, distinct personality, and essential unity, that the mysterious, ever-blessed Being — “the Word, who was in the beginning with God, and was God” (John 1:1, 2) — now undoubtedly stands before us. Curiously to pry into the mode of his subsistence, would be “intruding into those things which we have not seen.” (Colossians 2:18. 1 Timothy 6:16.) To receive his own revelation of himself is our reverential privilege.
How clear is his essential unity with the Father! The LORD possessed me — present with him in the bosom of Deity. Every movement of the Divine mind was infinitely known — every purpose of Divine counsel eternally present — fully developed, I was by Him  — in the same essence and blessedness. (John 10:30.) Such was “the glory which he had with the Father before the world was!” (Ib. 17:5.) Neither man nor angel could declare it. No created intelligence could tread one footstep in the course, that realizes any conception of the mystery. The mode of his existence in the Godhead (and this is all that is revealed of this inscrutable subject) is generation — I was brought forth — “the only-begotten Son”  — a term which it is much safer to adore than to expound; expressing, as it does, what is unsearchable. ‘Take care’ — saith an old expositor — ‘that in this generation we invent nothing temporal, carnal, or human. But rather let us worship this generation, beholding it by faith; and let us take heed from searching further than Scripture doth teach us thereof. Otherwise we should deserve to be blinded and punished for our great curiosity.’
Not less clear is his eternal existence — in the beginning of the way of God coeval with his eternal counsels — before his works of old  — set up or anointed from everlasting for his covenant offices (1 Peter 1:20); ‘designed and advanced to be the Wisdom and Power of the Father, Light and Life, and All in All, both in the creation and the redemption of the World.’
Connected with his eternity was his agency in the work of Creation. Before the works was he brought forth. But when they were in operation he was there — and that, not, like “the sons of God,” an interested spectator (Job 38:6, 7), but an efficient cause. The whole detail of the creative work is brought out — the highest part or summits of the dust of the world, with its deep and unsearchable foundations. Thus is uncreated Wisdom displayed in clear and undoubted glory — ‘the Divinity and eternity of Wisdom, meaning thereby the eternal Son of God, Jesus Christ our Savior.’
Next he describes his unspeakable blessedness in communion with his Father. I was by him, as one brought up with him — embosomed in him as the object of daily delight; rejoicing before him as the Fountain and Centre of infinite joy. All this mutual intimate satisfaction and delight had respect to the beginning of the way of God — his eternal purpose, and “the counsel of peace, which was between them both.” (Zechariah 6:13.) Here it was that the Father once and again proclaimed him to be his delight; “His elect, in whom his soul delighted; his beloved Son, in whom he was well pleased” (Isaiah 42:1. Matthew 3:17; 17:5. Compare Colossians 1:13, Gr.); ‘willing that by the Son we should approach to him; in the Son we should honour and adore him; and honour the Son as himself.’
Yet how deeply interesting is it to see him rejoicing, not only before his Father, but in the habitable part of the earth! And what was it that here attracted his interest? Man had been created in the image of God — free to stand or fall. This freedom was the perfection of his nature. His fall was permitted as the mysterious means of his higher elevation. His ruin was overruled for his greater security. This habitable earth was to be the grand theatre of the work, that should fill the whole creation with wonder and joy. (Psalm 98. Isaiah 44:23.) Here “the Serpent's head was to be visibly bruised” (Genesis 3:15. Hebrews 2:14, 15. 1 John 3:8), the kingdom of Satan to be destroyed, precious “spoil to be divided with the strong.” (Isaiah 53:12. Luke 11:21, 22.) Here was the Church to be framed, as the manifestation of his glory, the mirror of all his Divine Perfections. (Ephesians 3:10, 21.)
Considering the infinite cost at which he was to accomplish this work — the wonder is — that he should have endured it — a greater wonder that, ere one atom of the creation was formed — ere the first blossom had been put forth in Paradise, he should have rejoiced in it.
But the wonder of wonders yet remains — that he, who was his Father's infinite delight, and infinitely delighting in him, should find his delights from all eternity in the sons of men; that he should, as it were, long to be with us; that he should solace his heart with the prospect; that he should anticipate the moment with joyous readiness (Psalm 40:6-8. Hebrews 10:7); that he should pass by the far nobler nature of angels “to take hold of man” (Hebrews 2:16, margin), to embrace man as one with his All-perfect self! But though he foresaw how they would despise, reject, and put him to shame; yet they were the objects of his everlasting love (Jeremiah 31:3.) the purchase and satisfaction of the “travail of his soul” (Isaiah 53:10, 11), the eternal monuments to his praise (Ib. 55:13). Yet for their sakes did he make humanity a temple of the Deity, for them did he exchange the throne of glory for the accursed cross (Philippians 2:6-8) — the worship of the Seraphim for the scorn and buffeting of men (Isaiah 6:1, 2, with Matthew 27:22-31) — inexpressible joy for unknown sorrow. (John 17:5, with Matthew 26:38; 27:46.) Yes — thou adorable Redeemer, nothing but the strength of thine own love could have brought thee out from the bosom of ineffable delight to suffer such things for such sinners! But this was “the joy set before thee, for” which — unfathomable love! — thou wast content “to endure the cross, despising the shame.” (Hebrews 12:2.) For this love dost thou inherit thy Father's justly proportioned reward. (Philippians 2:8-11.) On this foundation is thy people's confidence — rest — security.
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
John 1:1, 2
1 ¶ In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 The same was in the beginning with God.
 
 
Colossians 2:18
18 Let no man beguile you of your reward in a voluntary humility and worshipping of angels, intruding into those things which he hath not seen, vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind, {beguile...: or, judge against you} {in a...: Gr. being a voluntary in humility}
 
1 Timothy 6:16
16 Who only hath immortality, dwelling in the light which no man can approach unto; whom no man hath seen, nor can see: to whom be honour and power everlasting. Amen.
 
 
Footnote:
LXX and Syriac Translation — ‘created’ — most unwarrantable — one of the main pillars of the Arian heresy.
 
 
Footnote:
John 1:2. Geier remarks, that out of above sixty instances, where this preposition occurs, not one can be produced, where vicinity is not supposed between two distinct persons or substances.
 

 
John 1:2
2 The same was in the beginning with God
 
 
John 10:30
30 I and my Father are one.
 
 
John 17:5
5 And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was.
 
 
Footnote:
John 1:18; 3:16. Colossians 1:15 — ‘begotten before every creature.’ — Bishop Middleton.
 

 
John 1:18
18 No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.
 
John 3:16
16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.
 
Colossians 1:15
15 Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature:
 
 
Footnote:
Cope (Michael), Exposition of Proverbs. 4to. 1580.
 
 
Footnote:
Holden strongly advocates the Translation — supported by many Ancient Versions, and some of the best critics (see Poole's Synopsis) — ‘the beginning of the way’ — and expounds it — ‘That Jehovah possessed by an eternal generation Wisdom or the Son, who is the origin, or efficient cause, of all the works of God.’ — John 1:18; 3:16. Colossians 1:15. Geier and other accredited authorities prefer the received version upon critical grounds. Holden's remark, however, holds good on either hypothesis: — ‘It is scarcely possible in the whole compass of the Hebrew language to select terms more expressive of the eternity of Wisdom than those which Solomon employs from this verse to the thirtieth.’
 

 
John 1:18
18 No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.
 
John 3:16
16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.
 
Colossians 1:15
15 Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature:
 
 
Footnote:
Contrast Job 38:4, 5. Compare verses 23-25, with Psalm 90:2 — the sublime adoration of the eternity of God. Compare also Exodus 3:14, with John 8:58. Micah 5:2, Revelation 1:11.
 

 
Contrast
Job 38:4, 5
4 ¶ Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth? Declare, {1} if thou hast understanding. {1) Heb if thou knowest understanding} 5 Who determined the measures thereof, {1} if thou knowest? Or who stretched the line upon it? {1) Or seeing}
 
Compare
Proverbs 8:23-25
23 I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, Before the earth was. 24 When there were no depths, I was brought forth, When there were no fountains abounding with water. 25 Before the mountains were settled, Before the hills was I brought forth;
 
with
Psalm 90:2
2 Before the mountains were brought forth, Or ever thou {1} hadst formed the earth and the world, Even from everlasting to everlasting, thou art God. {1) Heb gavest birth to}
 
Compare also
Exodus 3:14
14 And God said unto Moses, {1} I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, {2} I AM hath sent me unto you. {1) Or I AM, BECAUSE I AM; Or I AM WHO AM; Or I WILL BE THAT I WILL BE 2) Heb Ehyeh; From the same root as Jehovah}
 
with
John 8:58
58 Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was born, I am.
 
Micah 5:2
2 But thou, Beth-lehem Ephrathah, which art little to be among the {1} thousands of Judah, out of thee shall one come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth are from of old, {2} from everlasting. {1) Or families; See Jud 6:15. 2) Or from ancient days}
 
Revelation 1:11 (see KJV below)
11 saying, What thou seest, write in a book and send it to the seven churches: unto Ephesus, and unto Smyrna, and unto Pergamum, and unto Thyatira, and unto Sardis, and unto Philadelphia, and unto Laodicea.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Footnote:
Heb. Anointing was the inaugurating ceremony in the consecration of prophets, priests, and kings — a figure of the eternal consecration of Messiah to those high offices. Compare 1 Kings 19:16, with Isaiah 41:1; 62:1. Exodus 29:7, with Psalm 110:4. 1 Samuel 10:1; 16:13. 2 Kings 9:6, with Psalm 2:6, marg. 45:6, 7.
 

 
Compare
1 Kings 19:16
16 And Jehu the son of Nimshi shalt thou anoint to be king over Israel: and Elisha the son of Shaphat of Abelmeholah shalt thou anoint to be prophet in thy room. {Elisha: Gr. Eliseus}
 
with
Isaiah 41:1
1 ¶ Keep silence before me, O islands; and let the people renew their strength: let them come near; then let them speak: let us come near together to judgment.
 
Isaiah 62:1
1 ¶ For Zion's sake will I not hold my peace, and for Jerusalem's sake I will not rest, until the righteousness thereof go forth as brightness, and the salvation thereof as a lamp that burneth.
 
Exodus 29:7
7 Then shalt thou take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his head, and anoint him.
 
with
Psalm 110:4
4 The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.
 
1 Samuel 10:1
1 ¶ Then Samuel took a vial of oil, and poured it upon his head, and kissed him, and said, Is it not because the LORD hath anointed thee to be captain over his inheritance?
 
1 Samuel 16:13
13 Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.
 
2 Kings 9:6
6 And he arose, and went into the house; and he poured the oil on his head, and said unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, I have anointed thee king over the people of the LORD, even over Israel.
 
with
Psalm 2:6 marg.
6 Yet have I set my king upon my holy hill of Zion. {set: Heb. anointed} {upon...: Heb. upon Zion, the hill of my holiness}
 
Psalm 45:6, 7
6 ¶ Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: the sceptre of thy kingdom is a right sceptre. 7 Thou lovest righteousness, and hatest wickedness: therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1 Peter 1:20
20 Who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times for you,
 
 
Footnote:
Henry in loco. Compare Ephesians 3:9.
 

 
Compare
Ephesians 3:9
9 And to make all men see what is the fellowship of the mystery, which from the beginning of the world hath been hid in God, who created all things by Jesus Christ:
 
e-Compiler’s note:
[The Banner of Truth hardcopy that was used to create this online version of Mr. Bridges’ commentary was: ISBN: 0 85151 088 4. It [mistakenly] has Mr. Henry writing at this place: “destined and advanced to be the Wisdom and Power of the Father,” whereas our hardcopy of Matthew Henry has: “designed and advanced . . .” Every online source of Matthew Henry that we checked likewise has “designed.” An online scan of a different printing of Matthew Henry also has “designed.” It is not known if this word “destined” can be traced back to what Mr. Bridges originally wrote, or if it was a printer's error that occurred somewhere along the line. The two words can look similar to the eye, so it is easy to understand how this could happen. Since the purpose of Mr. Bridges at this place is to quote Matthew Henry, we have changed the word to match what he actually wrote: “designed.”]
 
 
Job 38:6, 7
6 Whereupon are the foundations thereof fastened? or who laid the corner stone thereof; {foundations: Heb. sockets} {fastened: Heb. made to sink?} 7 When the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of God shouted for joy?
 
 
Footnote:
John 1:3. Colossians 1:16. Even in the creation of man he was a co-worker, Genesis 2:7, with 1:26.
 

 
John 1:3
3 All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.
 
Colossians 1:16
16 For by him were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him:
 
Genesis 2:7
7 And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul. {of the dust...: Heb. dust of the ground}
 
with
Genesis 1:26
26 ¶ And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Footnote:
Reformers’ Notes.
 
 
Footnote:
Compare John 1:18 — the only-begotten Son, who is in the bosom of the Father — ‘exhibiting at once,’ as Dr. Jamieson admirably observes — ‘the idea conveyed by both the terms — brought forth, and brought up.’ — Vindication of the Doctrine of Deity of Christ, i. 224. Holden with some others prefers the rendering ‘Fabricator’ for brought up. But the scope appears to be — not the power of Messiah, but the mutual delight and communion between himself and his Father, as it were, never absent from each other
 

 
Compare
John 1:18
18 No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, he hath declared him.
 
 
Zechariah 6:13
13 Even he shall build the temple of the LORD; and he shall bear the glory, and shall sit and rule upon his throne; and he shall be a priest upon his throne: and the counsel of peace shall be between them both.
 
 
Isaiah 42:1
1 ¶ Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth; I have put my spirit upon him: he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles.
 
Matthew 3:17
17 And lo a voice from heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.
 
Matthew 17:5
5 While he yet spake, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them: and behold a voice out of the cloud, which said, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased; hear ye him.
 
Compare
Colossians 1:13
13 Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son: {his...: Gr. the Son of his love}
 
 
Footnote:
Quoted by Scott.
 
 
Psalm 98
1 ¶ {A Psalm.} O sing unto the LORD a new song; for he hath done marvellous things: his right hand, and his holy arm, hath gotten him the victory. 2 The LORD hath made known his salvation: his righteousness hath he openly shewed in the sight of the heathen. {openly...: or, revealed} 3 He hath remembered his mercy and his truth toward the house of Israel: all the ends of the earth have seen the salvation of our God. 4 ¶ Make a joyful noise unto the LORD, all the earth: make a loud noise, and rejoice, and sing praise. 5 Sing unto the LORD with the harp; with the harp, and the voice of a psalm. 6 With trumpets and sound of cornet make a joyful noise before the LORD, the King. 7 Let the sea roar, and the fulness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein. {the fulness...: or, all it containeth} 8 Let the floods clap their hands: let the hills be joyful together 9 Before the LORD; for he cometh to judge the earth: with righteousness shall he judge the world, and the people with equity.
 
Isaiah 44:23
23 Sing, O ye heavens; for the LORD hath done it: shout, ye lower parts of the earth: break forth into singing, ye mountains, O forest, and every tree therein: for the LORD hath redeemed Jacob, and glorified himself in Israel.
 
 
Genesis 3:15
15 And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel.
 
Hebrews 2:14, 15
14 ¶ Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil; 15 And deliver them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage.
 
1 John 3:8
8 He that committeth sin is of the devil; for the devil sinneth from the beginning. For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that he might destroy the works of the devil.
 
 
Isaiah 53:12
12 Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.
 
Luke 11:21, 22
21 When a strong man armed keepeth his palace, his goods are in peace: 22 But when a stronger than he shall come upon him, and overcome him, he taketh from him all his armour wherein he trusted, and divideth his spoils.
 
 
Ephesians 3:10, 21
10 To the intent that now unto the principalities and powers in heavenly places might be known by the church the manifold wisdom of God, 21 Unto him be glory in the church by Christ Jesus throughout all ages, world without end. Amen.
 
 
Psalm 40:6-8
6 ¶ Sacrifice and offering thou didst not desire; mine ears hast thou opened: burnt offering and sin offering hast thou not required. {opened: Heb. digged} 7 Then said I, Lo, I come: in the volume of the book it is written of me, 8 I delight to do thy will, O my God: yea, thy law is within my heart. {within...: Heb. in the midst of my bowels}
 
Hebrews 10:7
7 ¶ Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.
 
 
Hebrews 2:16
16 For verily he took not on him the nature of angels; but he took on him the seed of Abraham. {took not...: Gr. taketh not hold of angels, but of the seed of Abraham he taketh hold}
 
 
Jeremiah 31:3
3 The LORD hath appeared of old unto me, saying, Yea, I have loved thee with an everlasting love: therefore with lovingkindness have I drawn thee. {of...: Heb. from afar} {with lovingkindness...: have I extended lovingkindness unto thee}
 
 
Isaiah 53:10, 11
10 ¶ Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand. {thou...: or, his soul shall make an offering} 11 He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities.
 
 
Isaiah 55:13
13 Instead of the thorn shall come up the fir tree, and instead of the brier shall come up the myrtle tree: and it shall be to the LORD for a name, for an everlasting sign that shall not be cut off.
 
 
Philippians 2:6-8
6 Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: 7 But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men: 8 And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross. {fashion: or habit}
 
 
Isaiah 6:1, 2
1 ¶ In the year that king Uzziah died I saw also the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up, and his train filled the temple. {his...: or, the skirts thereof} 2 Above it stood the seraphims: each one had six wings; with twain he covered his face, and with twain he covered his feet, and with twain he did fly.
 
with
Matthew 27:22-31
22 Pilate saith unto them, What shall I do then with Jesus which is called Christ? They all say unto him, Let him be crucified. 23 And the governor said, Why, what evil hath he done? But they cried out the more, saying, Let him be crucified. 24 When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing, but that rather a tumult was made, he took water, and washed his hands before the multitude, saying, I am innocent of the blood of this just person: see ye to it. 25 Then answered all the people, and said, His blood be on us, and on our children. 26 ¶ Then released he Barabbas unto them: and when he had scourged Jesus, he delivered him to be crucified. 27 Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the common hall, and gathered unto him the whole band of soldiers. {common hall: or, governor's house} 28 And they stripped him, and put on him a scarlet robe. 29 And when they had platted a crown of thorns, they put it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand: and they bowed the knee before him, and mocked him, saying, Hail, King of the Jews! 30 And they spit upon him, and took the reed, and smote him on the head. 31 And after that they had mocked him, they took the robe off from him, and put his own raiment on him, and led him away to crucify him.
 
 
John 17:5
5 And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was.
 
with
Matthew 26:38
38 Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me.
 
Matthew 27:46
46 And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
 
 
Hebrews 12:2
2 Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith; who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God. {author: or, beginner}
 
 
Philippians 2:8-11
8 And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross. {fashion: or habit} 9 Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name: 10 That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth; 11 And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
 
 
coeval:
of the same age.